Current Situation
The total length of Beijing's transportation network amounts to 12,900km. Urban roads which consist of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th ring roads account for 1200km and are currently operational. The 5th ring road will be completed in 2003 and the 6th ring road is currently under construction. There are 8 expressways namely: Jinshi, Jingjintang, Capital Airport, Jinha, Badaling, Jingshen, Jinkai, and Jincheng which are linked to the ring roads.

Today, Beijing has 2 metro lines with a total length of 54km. No.1 Line extends from east to the west of the city with a capacity of 24,000 people/hour. No.2 Line forms a loop around the center of the city with a capacity of 18,400 people/hour. This accounts for 10% of the whole urban transportation capacity.

Beijing has 414 bus routes with the transportation stretching to 80,000km and a transportation capacity of 400,000 people/hour, accounting for 80% of the whole urban transportation capacity.

There are also 67,000 taxis in Beijing, representing 10% of the whole urban transportation capacity.

Future Plans
Beijing has already formulated a Road Expansion Plan which is scheduled to be completed before 2008 including 93 Km 5th ring road, 200 Km 6th ring road, 35 Km city expressway, and 105 Km road expansion for main urban roads. All of these projects are currently under construction.

Beijing is planning to construct 6 urban railway projects: urban light railway, Line 4 and Line 5 Metro Lines, special Metro Line for the Olympic Games, Batong Line, Dongzhimen-Capital Airport Express Railway. The urban light railway will be completed and operational by the end of 2002. In 2008, another 148.5 Km of urban railway network will be put into operation and the total will reach 202 Km. At the same time, new projects that are underway will give a total length of 300 Km for its construction.

By 2008, buses transport in Beijing will reach more than 650 routes with a capacity of 4.5 billion people per year. In addition, there will be 222 long distance bus lines extending to the suburban areas.

1 Favorable Infrastructure

Current Situation

Clean energy supply and improved air quality.
The following projects are already finished in succession: the CNG transport pipeline of Shanganning-Beijing, Gaobeidian Thermal Power Plant and its Heat Supply Pipeline Network, Shuangyushu Heat Supply Plant and its External Pipeline Network, construction and renovation of "9950" Power Network, power network renovation in the suburbs and distribution facilities improvement in the urban areas with "one meter for each household" program and other key projects. Gas supply amounts to 1 billion cubic meters/year while power generation capacity is 1850MW (Beijing District only). Urban Heat Supply Capacity is 2042MW (1760 Million Kilocalories). In 2000 almost every household was equipped with the gas facility for their cooking needs. Heat Supply to Public Buildings (including urban heat network and boiler) reached 50%.

Increased supply of potable water in the city.
During the "Ninth Five Year Plan", the construction of No. 9 Water Plant 3rd Phase Project, Fenzhongsi Water Plant, expansion of the No. 3 Water Plant Project, and the renovation of No. 5 and No. 6 Water Plant (for industrial use) were all completed with an increase in water supply of 700,000 cubic meters/day and urban potable water supply of 3 million cubic meters/day.

Rapid development of postal and telecommunication services.
The urban telecommunication takes a leading position in China and keeps abreast with the world technology. Beijing's telecommunication services development is very fast. The domestic market continues to maintain competitiveness and openness while it seeks to merge with global economy. During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", the local telephone exchange sets have increased to a total of 8.27 million which is an increase of 4.58 million. Utilization rate of telephone lines in urban areas reached 50% with the main lines up to 40%. The mobile phone users reached 3.3 million with an increase of 2.66 million. The development of the Internet and the construction of information "highway" greatly facilitated the transfer of information nationally and internationally.

During the "Ninth Five Year Plan", the construction of a Mailing Service Center in Beijing Western Railway Station was completed. Some key projects such as the Beijing International Mailing Service Center and Express Mail Service Center were also actualized. In 2000, mailing service centers in Beijing covered an area of 180,000sqm. There were as much as 654 post offices and each post office has an average of 16,700 employees.

Future Plans

In the future five years, Beijing will speed up the infrastructure construction to improve the infrastructure conditions.

Power Supply.
The plan is to provide sufficient, reliable and safe power supply while maintaining a balance with its supply and demand. The construction of the power network will be strengthened to ensure stability and safety of the system, to enhance communication with external power network and increase loading capacity of the network. The renovation of the power distribution network in the urban and suburban areas will be centralized in order to reduce wear and tear of the power network and improve power supply capacity. When power consumption reaches 41200KW in 2005, power supply capacity will be 9100MW. Power cables and major power circuits surrounding the Olympic stadiums should be embedded underground in preparation for the 2008 Olympic Games.

Gas Supply.
Introduction of natural gas and development of LPG in replacement of coal as a major heating system will be a main concern for the project. Projects such as Shanbei-Beijing Gas Expansion Project, Dazhangtuo Underground Gas Storage and Gas Network Project should be finished. By 2005, gas supply should be more than 3 billion cubic meters/year. The construction of the gas stations should be accelerated to meet the requirements for Olympic Games.

Heat Supply.
Heat supply pipeline facilities of Beijing Huaneng Thermal Power Plant will be improved. Projects such as Shuangyushu Heat Supply Plant Expansion, Caoqiao Gas Thermal Power Plant and its main pipelines will be completed. The Gas Combined Cycle Thermal Power Plant which is a collaboration of Qinghua University, Yizhuang, Electrical City and Shangdi will also be in construction. Moreover, other heating methods should be researched and developed in line with local conditions for better utilization of clean gas and power energy.

Water Supply.
Surface and ground water will be regulated and treated simultaneously to provide better water supply to urban areas. Through expanding water supply area with better pipeline networks, over-utilization of ground water will be prevented and controlled and will increase water supply to 680,000 cubic meters/day. By 2005, potable water supply to urban areas will go up to 3.68 million cubic meters/day, meeting demand requirements during peak periods.

Information Technology
Broadband services, high-speed connection, development of wideband network carrying both data and voice, video frequency would be developed. Cable TV networks, inter-exchange services, computer networks, IP wideband will also experience continued development.

The construction of telecommunication infrastructure for the Olympic Games will be raised to meet the requirements of international standard. Local telephone users reached 7.11 million with a utilization ratio of the main lines up to 58 lines/100 persons. By 2005, there will be 8 million households estimated that will get connected to the Internet. Construction of mobile phone system and satellite telecommunication service will also be enhanced to increase database service. By 2005, an increase up to 8 million subscribers and a utilization rate up to 70 households/100 people while NDD and IDD long distance switchboards will increase to 210000 are all being targeted.

Postal Service.
The construction of the Beijing International Mail Service Center, Beijing Express Mail Service Center, Air Mail Exchange Center in the New Airport, Beijing Commerce Handling Center, Beijing Postal Electronic Business Logistic Center, will focus in developing the centers as a centralized and specialized postal centers. By 2005 various mailing transport means like road, air, and railway will converge with different mailing networks: between normal network and information network, between postal and mail transportation network to actualize the plan.

3 Strengthening Environmental Protection and Management

Current Situation

In 2001, air pollution index in urban areas is at Level 2. There are 185 days where Beijing's air quality goes beyond Level 2, which represents 50.7% of total number of days in a year. This is more than the rate in 1998 by 23.3%. The conditions during hot periods this year are expected to be better.

Urban Green Area in 2000 reached 26,680 hectare with an average of 36.08 sqm per person, Public Green Area is 9.66 sqm./person and urban landscaped rate reached 36%.

Beijing converted more than 9000 coal boilers used in heat supply plants, hospitals, restaurants, and hotels to gas systems. Power heating system in Beijing covered an area of 6 million sqm in 2001 with geothermal heat supply up to 0.4 million sqm and heating power supply up to 55.48 million sqm. Since 2001, 7 million high quality coal minerals with low sulphur and ash content were recommended to be widely used. After Shanganning Gas Plant is transported into Beijing, the city will be assured of sufficient gas supply. Beijing Municipality has requested facilities using coal as a main fuel (furnaces, kitchen and boilers) inside the 3rd ring road to convert to gas for better air quality in the city. Previously, Beijing is one of the largest coal-consuming capital in the world but through efforts of the Municipality, the situation has been changed.

Beijing's automotive gas combustion will soon follow European No.2 Standard. In 2001, a total of 190,000 automobiles in Beijing were transformed and 36,000 clean fuel vehicles were overhauled, 1630 of which were LPG buses, making Beijing one of the biggest LPG buses owner in the world.

In 2001, non-toxic treatment of organic waste in Beijing reached 81.5% and is projected to increase to 85% this year. By 2005, non-toxic treatment rate of organic waste is expected to be 100%.

Future Plans

Efficient clean energy utilization for air pollution reduction.
The second long pipeline of gas transportation will be built and urban pipeline network will be expanded. Underground gas storage facility will also be completed. Efficient use of solar and geothermal energy will be administered to provide better clean energy ratio.

The concentrated heat supply projects like the pipeline network is to be completed to increase heat supply area to 50%.

Automotive pollution reduction .
The key projects such as Metro Line 5, Batong Line, urban express railway, 4th, 5th and 6th ring roads are to be completed to ease traffic congestion. By 2007, 90% of the buses, 70% of taxis will be changed and will use clean energy as fuel. A strict combustion standard will be enforced.

Water resource protection and water pollution control.
The upper stream of Miyun and Huairou reservoir will be kept in good condition for its water and soil content through tree plantation in the surrounding area. Sludges will be removed from Guang Ting Reservoir to improve water quality.

Rivers and lakes in Beijing will be treated to improve urban sewage system and pipeline networks. By 2007, total sewage treatment capacity will reach 2.8 million cubic meters/day with the sewage rate up to 90%. An urbanized sewage system will be built in major towns in suburban areas.

Solid wastes pollution reduction .
Utilization of industrial solid wastes will be maximized. By 2007, non-toxic treatment will be applied to organic waste in the city.

Sandstorm Control .
Landscaping will be strengthened to reach 40% in Beijing. Reforestation is almost 50% forming three landscaping belts as mountains, plains and urban green areas to improve the ecological environment.

Biological protection.
Protected areas such as the natural reserve region, fertile land, forest and aviary will be under protective care and good management. The natural reserve region should occupy at least 8% of the total land area of Beijing.

Green Olympics .
The Olympic Stadium facilities will be constructed with the adoption of the energy-saving design and the newest digital technology to protect and save resources, utilize new building materials and various energy resources. In its construction, natural and ecological surroundings will be kept in its original state to integrate with landscaping of the Olympic Village. Cultural relics will also be in good condition to provide a more environmentally friendly and clean surroundings with a convenient means of transportation to the public.

Olympic Green